CancerWORLD

Bainbridge reflex Definition, Location, Mechanism | Bainbridge reflex vs Baroreceptor reflex

What is Bainbridge Reflex?In 1915, while conducting experiments on dogs, a scientist named Francis Arthur Bainbridge discovered this reflex. Bainbridge discovered that injecting the animal with blood or saline raised the heart rate. This event happened even in the absence of a rise in arterial blood pressure. He also found that when venous pressure was...

SFA Occlusion Right & Left, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

The superficial femoral artery (SFA) is distinctive in that it extends the entire length of the thigh without having any major side branches. The SFA is also vulnerable to a variety of forces, comprising flexion, contraction, extension, twisting, and compression, which change the flow dynamics.The SFA is a location of atherosclerotic disease that occurs in a...

Mckeown Esophagectomy Procedure, Steps, Technique, Compliactions

The McKeown Esophagectomy is a type of surgical treatment that involves the removal of the esophagus as well as the upper region of the stomach. It's used to help people who have esophageal cancer or other forms of esophageal illness. The esophagus connects the mouth and the stomach and is responsible for transporting food from...

Aortoenteric Fistula Definition, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

Aortoenteric Fistula DefinitionAortoenteric fistulae, often known as AEF for short, are aberrant connections that can form between the gastrointestinal tract and the aorta or major arterial branches of the aorta in patients who have or have not undergone previous aortic surgery. Surgery is the only truly effective treatment for patients with this diagnosis due to...

Pubovaginal sling Surgery Procedure, Placement, Complications, Recovery

A vaginal/urethral sling is a treatment used to treat stress urinary incontinence (SUI), a medical condition that is underdiagnosed and underreported. SUI is a condition that affects both the young and the elderly.This surgical procedure is carried out through the vagina and a little cut below the belly button. It's done under general anesthesia and...

What is Hypermetabolic Lymphadenopathy? – Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

What is Hypermetabolic Lymphadenopathy?There are about 600 lymph nodes in the human body, but only the ones in the submandibular, axillary, and inguinal regions are usually palpable. Nodes with aberrant size, consistency, or quantity are referred to as lymphadenopathies. The majority of lymphadenopathy is often categorized in a few different ways, but one of the...

What are hunner’s ulcers? – Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

What are Hunner's Ulcers?Hunner ulcers are ulcers that are extremely painful and are visible in the urinary bladder. They affect between 10% to 15% of persons with interstitial cystitis. They manifest as red spots on the wall of the bladder, which can harden tissue and impair bladder capacity. Bladder ulcers are incredibly painful. Hunner ulcers...

What is a vallecular cyst? – Meaning, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

What is a Vallecular Cyst?Vallecular cysts are infection pockets that form at the base of the tongue. They are frequently present from birth but progressively worsen over time. The term "vallecular cyst" refers to a specific type of cystic enlargement in the region between the base of the tongue and the epiglottis.When an infant...

Butterfly Vertebrae Meaning, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

Butterfly Vertebrae MeaningButterfly vertebrae are rare spinal anomalies. It happens when there is persistent notochordal tissue between the lateral vertebral body halves, causing a fissure in the middle and preventing the lateral halves of the vertebral body from fusing. The two half-vertebrae seem like the butterfly's wings when viewed on a frontal X-ray, but the...

Perineal Descent Meaning, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

Perineal Descent MeaningA disorder known as perineal descent occurs when the perineum prolapses (bulges downward) or drops below the bony outlet of the pelvis. Patients suffering from chronic constipation often experience perineal descent as a result of persistent straining. Perineal descent can also be caused by other disorders that impair the pelvic floor muscles. Pelvic...